Great Expectations chps 1-3 essays

Great Expectations chps 1-3 essays Pip introduces the story by introducing himself. He says his real name is Philip Pirrip, so people just call him Pip. He lives with his sister who is married to Joe Gargery, a blacksmith. His parents are dead, so the only way he knows who they are is through their grave stone. Pip started to cry and soon a convict with an iron leg appeared and told him to be quite. The convict picked Pip upside down and emptied out his pockets. Then he demanded that Pip go home and get him some food and drink. Soon the convict left and Pip ran home. When Pip reached home, Joe was there waiting for him. He told Pip that Mrs. Joe had the tickler and was out looking for him. Soon, Mrs. Joe arrived home and asked him where he had been. Pip told her that he was at the churchyard, but she doubted him. Pip decided that he should start saving his food to give to the convict. As soon as Joe and Mrs. Joe werent looking, he hid the bread in his pants. Joe asked him why he was bolting and that he shouldnt do it. Mrs. Joe kept asking Joe why Pip was bolting, but he didnt answer so Mrs. Joe started beating him. Mrs. Joe thinks he is sick so she gives him so tar water and is punished the next day by having to make pudding. The next morning, Pip got up and stole some food, water, and a file. On his way to the battery, he ran into a young boy who Pip assumed was the other convict. The boy tried to punch Pip but missed and ran away. Pip made it to the convict and gave him the food and drink. Pip told him about the canon firings and the convict asked where they had come from. Then he demanded that Pip give him the file and he started filing at his chain. ...

All About Chocolates Child Labor and Slavery Problem

All About Chocolate's Child Labor and Slavery Problem Do you know where your chocolate comes from, or what happens in order to get it to you? Green America, a non-profit  ethical consumption  advocacy organization,  points out in this infographic  that although major chocolate corporations rake in tens of billions of dollars annually, cocoa farmers earn just pennies per pound. In many cases, our chocolate is produced using child and slave labor. We in the U.S. chomp down twenty-one percent of the global chocolate supply every year, so it makes sense that we should be informed about the industry that brings it to us. Lets take a look at where all that chocolate comes from, the problems in the industry, and what we as consumers can do to keep child labor and slavery out of our sweets. Where Chocolate Comes From Most of the worlds chocolate begins as cocoa pods grown in  Ghana,  Ivory Coast, and Indonesia, but much is also grown in Nigeria, Cameroon, Brazil, Ecuador, Mexico, the Dominican Republic, and Peru. Around the world,  there are  14 million rural farmers and  laborers who rely on cocoa farming for their income. Many of them are migrant workers, and nearly half are small farmers. An estimated 14 percent of them- nearly 2 million- are West African  children. Earnings and Labor Conditions The farmers who cultivate cocoa pods  earn less than 76 cents per pound, and because of the inadequate compensation, they must rely on low-wage and unpaid labor to produce, harvest, process, and sell their crops. Most cocoa farming families live in poverty because of this. They have inadequate access to schooling, healthcare, clean and safe drinking water, and many suffer from hunger. In West Africa, where much of the worlds cocoa is produced, some farmers rely on child labor and even enslaved children, many of whom are sold into bondage by traffickers who take them from their home countries. (For more details on this tragic situation, see these stories on BBC and CNN, and this list of academic sources). Massive Corporate Profits On the flip side, the worlds largest global chocolate companies are raking in tens of billion dollars annually, and total pay for the CEOs of these companies ranges from 9.7 to 14 million dollars. Fairtrade International puts the farmers and corporations earnings in perspective, pointing out that producers in West Africa are likely to receive between 3.5 to 6.4 percent of the final value of a chocolate bar containing their cocoa. This figure is down from 16 percent in the late 1980s. Over the same time period, manufacturers have increased their take from 56 to 70 percent of the value of a chocolate bar. Retailers currently see about 17 percent (up from 12 percent over the same time period). So over time, though demand for cocoa has risen annually, and has been rising at a greater rate in recent years, producers take home a decreasing percentage of the value of the final product. This happens because chocolate companies and traders have consolidated in recent years, which means that there are just a handful of very large, monetarily and politically powerful buyers in the global cocoa market. This puts pressure on producers to accept unsustainably low prices in order to sell their product, and thus, to rely on low-wage, child, and slave labor. Why Fair Trade Matters For these reasons, Green America urges consumers to purchase fair or direct trade chocolate this Halloween. Fair trade certification stabilizes the price paid to producers, which fluctuates as it is traded on commodities markets in New York and London, and guarantees a minimum price per pound that is always higher than the unsustainable market price. In addition, corporate buyers of fair trade cocoa pay a premium, on top of that price, that producers can use for development of their farms and  communities. Between 2013 and 2014, this premium poured more than $11 million  into producing communities, according to Fair Trade International.  Importantly, the fair trade certification system guards against child labor and slavery by  regularly auditing  participating farms. Direct Trade Can Help Too Even better than fair trade, in a financial sense, is the direct trade model, which took off in the specialty coffee sector several years ago, and has made its way to the cocoa sector. Direct trade puts more money into producers pockets and communities by cutting the middlemen  out of the supply chain, and by often paying far more than the fair trade price. (A quick web search will reveal direct trade chocolate companies in your area, and those from which you can order online.) The most radical step way from the ills of global capitalism and toward justice for farmers and workers was taken when the late Mott Green founded the Grenada Chocolate Company Cooperative  on the Caribbean island  in 1999. Sociologist Kum-Kum Bhavnani profiled the company in her award-winning documentary about labor issues in the global cocoa trade  and demonstrated  how companies like Grenada offer  a solution to them. The worker-owned cooperative, which produces chocolate in its solar-powered factory,  sources all of its cocoa from the inhabitants of the island for a fair and sustainable price, and returns profits equally to all worker-owners. It is also a forerunner of environmental sustainability in the chocolate industry. Chocolate is a source of joy for those who consume it. Theres no reason that it cant also be a source of joy, stability, and economic security for those who produce it.

Five major elements of business strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Five major elements of business strategy - Essay Example The merger between Microsoft and Nokia is no different when it comes to the elements of business strategy between the two companies. Nothing changed between the two companies. Instead, the only objective was to combine the two companies to enable them to grow swiftly in terms of their operations. In as much as the two companies came together for various benefits, their business strategy elements remain the same. Both companies still use the five elements of business strategy in the market (Ireland, 62). The arenas elements entail the areas in which the two companies would be active in the market. In most cases, the decisions regarding the two companies encompass the type of services and products they offer. Alternatively, this element focuses on the market segments, technologies and geographic areas. In the two companies, the Differentiators will most likely be the attributes and the features of the two company’s product and services, which will help the companies compete effectively with their competitors in the market. Alternatively, Vehicles as a business strategy element entails the means at which the companies take part in the targeted arenas whereas staging and pacing entails the timing, moves and speed in the market (Ireland, 64). Lastly, economic logic entails how both Companies will earn their

Effect of mentoring in education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Effect of mentoring in education - Essay Example Beyene and colleagues (2002) defined mentoring as a process in which two people engage in a mutually beneficial mentor-mentee relationship. Practically, the role of the mentor is also reflected within the definition. For example, the mentor's role is to serve as a model of appropriate attitudes, values, and behaviours for the mentee; to convey unconditional positive regard; and to provide a forum in which the mentee is encouraged to talk openly about anxieties and fears. At work, the mentor should interact informally with the mentee, thus maintaining a positive and informal relationship. Beyene and colleagues (2002) state that the role of the mentor is to provide emotional support, information, advisement; to share values, facilitate access to key networks, motivate, be a role model, and protect the mentee. Also, the mentor should provide activities that allow for shared information. The purpose of mentoring in educational setting can often be both complex and highly difficult at times. Common mentor programs have similar purposes and those include helping someone inexperienced learn a new job, improving instructional performance via modeling by an experienced teacher, attracting the best candidates by using mentoring as a recruitment tool, and responding to local or state mandates. From the critical perspective, there are several key things that can make an individual a stronger, more effective mentor in education setting. It has been encouraged that individual mentors not forget the importance of serving as a nurturer. Often, when workloads become heavier and deadlines quickly approach, the nurturing component can be mistakenly abandoned. Through... In an earlier quantitative study, Stroot and colleagues (1999) surveyed 85 first-year teachers in a large urban school district. The survey focused on the components of teaching and the role of the mentor. The researchers asserted that mentoring programs are necessary to assist first-year teachers in transition into the urban school setting. Often, first-year teachers are not given the transition support necessary for classroom success; thus, mentoring can provide much needed assistance to ensure success in the classroom both for the mentee and for the students. According to Darling-Hammond (2003), mentoring is a strategy that will retain first year teachers in the field. Everston and Smithey (2000) conducted a study with two school districts to examine the efficacy of using a research-based mentoring program to assist mentor teachers in supporting their mentees. The researchers collected data using questionnaires, narrative records, classroom observations, weekly summaries of mentor ing meetings, and ratings of student behaviours in the classroom. Everston and Smithey (2000) noted that mentees of the mentors who participated in a research-based mentoring program were more organised, managed instruction at the beginning of the year, and established more workable classroom routines. Additionally, the mentees noted better student behaviour in the classroom. Overall, trained mentors were able to provide more effective support to their mentees.

Motherhood and domesticity Essay Example for Free

Motherhood and domesticity Essay Zora Hurston and Susan Glaspell, the short story of â€Å"Sweat† and â€Å"Trifles respectively, talked about women’s power. The character of Delia Jones and Winnie Wright reveal how the stories significantly portrayed the negative and positive nature of women. Moreover, their character portrays how women were treated during the Old South, whose gender and social roles were restricted to motherhood and domesticity. The play â€Å"Trifle† takes place in a single setting: the home of a murdered man and his wife. The dialogue begins with men and women approaching the crime scene to investigate a murder case and find evidences to determine the murderer. As the only one at home, Mrs. Wright is initially accused as the suspect, but they need to undergo standard legal procedures. Besides, they find no apparent reason to suspect Mrs. Wright. The conflict starts when the men and the women, including Mrs. Peters and Mrs. Hale, perceive the crime in different perspectives. The men in the play approached the Wright house as a crime scene while the women who accompanied them during the investigation approached the house as a home. The women took notice of even the little details in the home that the men ignored and refused to acknowledge as possible evidence. The men thought that such things would not give them any clues to solve the case. They forgot that their primary suspect was a woman. They ignored Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Peters and paid attention to things that seemed meaningless. They overlooked the small and domestic things that may be related to a woman and a wife that may significantly give them idea and evidence against Mrs. Wright. This prolongs the solving of the case a little longer. On the other hand, Mrs. Peters and Mrs. Hale intricately and naturally observed the things at home. Their intuition, sensitivity, curiosity were significant in the story. The men attempted to solve the crime through logic and standard legal procedures, but the women who went there were able to read between the lines. They saw the clues embedded in domestic items that were specific to women. Although Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Peters did not know Mrs. Wright on a personal level, they could relate to her. They can put themselves in Mrs.Wright’s shoes and understand the background of the case which helped them solve the mystery of the case. Initially, the women made an agreement to conceal their discovery first because they sympathized with Mrs. Wright. They knew that if the men learned about it, they will no doubt take Mrs. Wright to prison because that is how the law works in the story. In contrast, the women in this case were overcome by their emotion. Their sensitivity and curiosity made them solve the case. Thus, Glaspell depicted women in her play in a positive light. The setting of the two plays described by the authors was symbolically used to portray the emotions and psychological factors of the character. In the play â€Å"Before Breakfast,† the setting reflects the impoverished life of the couple which Mrs. Rowland was so bitter about. The â€Å"slender finger† described in the play showcases the sophistication of Alfred’s past life as a millionaire’s son (O’Neil). His sophistication greatly affected his sensitivity. He got affected easily by his wife’s words that cost his life.

How Rabbits Changed My Life :: Personal Narrative, essay about myself

I was never liked much when I was younger. I was constantly made fun of and teased unmercifully. I was looked down upon when I was in school. It was as if everything I did wasn't good enough. I didn't succeed in anything. I made bad grades in school, I was worse in sports, and as the result of that my self esteem was zero. That all began to change the day I bought my first rabbit. Raising rabbits has improved my self esteem tremendously. Having a high self esteem is one of the most important assets a person can have. Â   When I was in the second grade, we had a rabbit as a classroom pet. Fudge was a small, brown, lop-eared rabbit. He was my best friend in the school. He would never judge me by what I did, wore or said, and he loved me without condition. I was extremely sad when summertime came around that year because I was going to lose my friend. So, with a lot of begging and promises, I talked my parents into letting me get a rabbit of my own. I worked hard doing extra chores around the house to earn money to buy my rabbit. When the big day came, almost a year later, I was elated. My mom took me to go and visit a local rabbit breeder to see what animals she had for sale. Â   I immediately fell in love with a little female rabbit. Bunnita was a purebred Holland Lop, which was the same breed Fudge was. She was white with brownish-gray spots and her ears didn't really lop, but stuck out to the side of her head at a funny angle. I guess she was what most people would describe as ugly, but to me she was adorable. After getting Bunnita my mom decided to get me involved in a 4-H rabbit project and so she started a 4-H rabbit club. My brother, five other kids and myself were the first members. Â   The time came when I realized I would need to get another rabbit if I ever wanted to show. Bunnita was a wonderful pet, and I loved her, but I was beginning to learn that she left much to be desired in the showing field. My mom bought my brother and I another rabbit for Easter. April was an American Fuzzy Lop, a breed similar to a Holland Lop except it has wool instead of normal fur.

If I Could Change 3 Things About Myself Essay

Yes, maybe you will say:†Hey! That’s not enough! I need MORE! † but what are the three most importance things that you decide to change? If I could change three things about myself, I think first and foremost, I would change my desirous of food-ness. I got the stomach ache-ness when I was at Japan and tried not to eat so much. Well, to late for regrets now! I am eating now and just ate some ice-cream just now and ate fish chops for dinner. Well, good luck to me! Secondly, I would like to change my laziness. I had been pretty darn lazy through my whole life until now. Except for the time when my sister who is older than me by a year got to go to school and petty little me didn’t get to go. So, I got so interested in learning that I read ALL of my sister’s textbooks. And ever since my sister knew that I knew   that she was learning, made up a lame excuse and threw her homework to me and went to play some stupid computer game like†¦ MINES. Because she doesn’t know how to play it, she just simply pushes some buttons. But now, I inherited her laziness and she inherited my hardworkingness and it’s the other way round than the time we were kids. Lastly, I would like to change the fact that I don’t really have any talents. I’m suck in studying, not really good in sports. I would want my talents to be: singing, dancing and acting. So, I could just be a pop star when I grow up. Well, it’s really nice to be a star, you know, with people fan boy and fan girling you. You just sing, which you awesomely have HUGE talent at and you get tons of money for just ONE song you sing! It would be such an awesome life! Well, its probably pretty obvious that nobody is going to magically materialize from thin air and grant those for me. So seems like I would just need to keep working at it.

Navajo’s Resistance on Education

There are many ways to define the word â€Å"resistance. † One way that the Standard College Dictionary defines it as: To strive against; the act of resistance; act counter to for the purpose of stopping, preventing, defeating, etc. That†s how the dictionary defines it. Personally, my definition of â€Å"resistance† is the act of being against someone†s orders, rules, or demands. The reason why we resist some of these orders, rules, or demands is because our belief, morals, and religion come into play. The way that we were brought up plays a big role in our ability of making our own decisions. If we were brought up one way, and someone tries to force us to become someone else, or to mold us into something else, we would not feel right. Due to the fact that we grew attached to many ideas, beliefs and religion. The only natural thing to do is to refuse to give in to the idea of change. It†s a basic and a natural instinct. That†s exactly what the Navajos carried out. The Navajos rejected the idea of being force to become â€Å"civilized,† even after being put into the Bosque Redondo Camp. The only thing to do now was to survive and by all means refuse to accept the idea of becoming â€Å"civilized. There were several activities that the Navajos executed while they remained at the camps which showed there resistance against the ideas of General Carleton of forcing them to become â€Å"civilized. † One of the activities that the Navajos resisted against was the idea of sending their children to school and get educated. To the Navajos it seemed like a good idea, but they had other things in mind. Such as: worrying how are they going to gather the next meal to feed their families? They were living in the worst conditions imaginable. No food, shelter, or extra spare of clothes. They were very venerable to the conditions they were put in. For those reasons many of them got sick and eventually past away. But they did consider the advantages of the education program. Most of them took advantage of the opportunities given. Thinking about survival, they took such training in Carpentry, leatherworking, and blacksmithing (Osburn, The Navajos at The Bosque Redondo: Cooperation, Resistance, and Initiative,† 159). These programs are very useful only when the resources are available. When realizing that the resources were not available, they changed their priorities. Education was the very last thing on their list. Their primary priority was to find a way to get food and survive. As the Osburn states, â€Å"Yet the Indians claimed they were not opposed to education; they were simply more absorbed with the immediate concern of daily survival and considered the benefits of education to be peripheral to more urgent matters, such as obtaining enough food to fend off starvation. Their attempt to procure money and extra ration coupons for sending their children to school demonstrates the Indians† shrewd survival strategy†(159). The Navajos used simple and obvious strategies just to stay alive. It†s very much like if your stranded in an island, away from civilization. Your first instinct is not to worry about your make-up or your clothes. The first thing you have to worry about is how are you going to survive. Which eventually leads you to sub categories as: food, shelter, clothes, etc. It†s easy to say, but it is hard to do. The Navajos had to undergo many obstacles. When they realized that they were not getting enough coupons for food, and forging them wasn†t enough, they had to take drastic measures. Many of the Navajo women had to do things that were against their religion and their morals. The very last resort had to be taken, which eventually brought shame to the Navajo tribe and families. Many of the woman thought that the only way to attain extra food was prostitution. Osburn states, â€Å"Another method of obtaining extra food was prostitution, which was not a standard practice under less stressful conditions. Navajo women were generally considered to be modest and decent before and after the Bosque Redondo years†¦ While the Navajo recognized the degradation of prostitution at Fort Sumner, they also indicated that the women were compelled to set aside their moral prescription because of poverty and hunger†(159). Anybody would set aside his or her morals just to stay alive. Even if it means to kill someone just to gather food. It†s like Darwin†s theory: Survival of the Fittest. The weak people die and the strong survive. It takes valor to do something drastic like this. That is why I respect them so much. It makes people think of just the things we are capable of achieving if we just put our morals aside for awhile, and think about survival when put in a aquared situation and are forced to take extreme measures. Another activity that the Navajos resisted was the idea of â€Å"barrack housing. † Forcing them to start a new life as â€Å"civilized† people and living in a civilized community, the Navajos rejected the idea of living somewhere else that wasn†t their homeland. As the article states,† Carleton had originally planned to house the Navajo in neatly ordered barracks similar to the type of housing found in Pueblo villages. The Navajos, however, found this scheme unacceptable because their traditional housing was widely dispersed. Furthermore, they rejected the idea notion of permanent homes because of their beliefs about departed souls†(160). Lots of people wouldn†t mind starting off fresh and living in a house that was given to them. The reason being because he or she have had bad experiences in their past home and life. They are ready for a change. However, it wasn†t like that for the Navajos. They were already customed to the surrounding in which they were living before the â€Å"white people† took them out of their homeland. It†s like they stated, † The custom of our tribe†¦ is never to enter a house where a person has died, but abandon it. † Assuming that the past owners of the houses were probably killed, they rejected Carlton†s plan. Not only because they believed it was bad luck to enter someone else†s† house, but also because they were being put in an environment that they have never been exposed to. People find themselves very venerable if they have no control of the surroundings in which they are being put into. Very much like a parakeet in a cage. For years, a parakeet depends on its owner to give him food. What if the cage†s door was left open and the parakeet escapes or was left to be free. How would it live in the wild, without having the necessary skills to survive? Knowing that there is a harsh world just outside that cage, the parakeet takes his or her chances. Most of them end up finding a way to survive; yet, many of them just die of hunger because they couldn†t gather food. It†s exactly the way that the Navajos felt. The Navajos have already been customed to the surroundings of their homeland and were not prepared when they were being put into camps or the houses that were provided for them. They had no control over the resources that were provided, if they were any. They harvested many crops, but no luck. It wasn†t enough for everyone. Very much like the parakeets, they starved and died. If they did live through starvation, many of them were exposed to disease, which eventually killed them little by little. Knowing that the Navajos were sick, they never took advantage of the clinics or medicine that was provided for them. The last activity that the Navajos refuse to accept was the idea of getting medical attention. The refusal of â€Å"Anglo medical treatment. † â€Å"†¦ For similar reasons the Navajos refused medical treatment and the post hospitals. The Indians explained that they shunned the hospital because â€Å"all that have reported there have died†(160). When the Navajos noticed that many Indians were dying, the realized that the â€Å"white† people had to do something with it. Perhaps they believed that they were being slaughtered and killed. Not only that, but the Navajos didn†t want to be exposed the â€Å"white† medicine. They had their own ways of curing their sickness. Very much like people nowadays. Many of them do not believe in modern medicine and have their own way of curing themselves. For the Navajos, the only way to cure themselves and to purify their body without any modern medicine was to perform a traditional dance called â€Å"Squaw Dance. † They had their own views on how they believed they got sick. â€Å"According to this ceremony some sicknesses are the result of the ghosts of aliens, either those whom a Navajo warrior has killed or those who died from other causes and with whom the Navajo may have had contact, sexual or otherwise. Touching the corpse or stepping on the grave of an â€Å"outsider† may also cause alien ghosts to torment a Navajo with sickness† (160). Behind every culture, there are many reasons why they perform or do different things to get themselves better instead of using modern medicine. For example, â€Å"In the Navajos world view, illness is an example of disharmony in the cosmic order that the performance of a religious ceremony can correct. During the ceremony, the Navajo invoke their Holy People to rectify the disturbance or order. If the ritual is correctly carried out, the deities are obligated to grant the mortals requests, for a principle of reciprocity governs the exchange. In this regard, Navajo oral tradition emphasizes the importance of healing ritual at the Bosque (160). Nowadays, everyone grew up with an idea on how to get rid of an illness without the use of medicine. For instance, if someone has a nosebleed how do you stop it? Many people believe that lying down is one way, others to pour water over your head and pinch your nose with a wet towel and remain standing. There†s not an exact way. Probably all of them work. It†s just that most of us have been custom to one of these methods, and will not use any other one. It†s just the way we were brought up. Likewise, the Navajos didn†t want to try nothing new. Their beliefs and morals don†t allow it. The only thing left to do is to pursue your values and principles. The Navajo†s struggle for survival depended not only on resistance by their part but also the strategies that they used to attain it. Their primary objective was to survive. They accomplished this by many â€Å"patterns,† but one of those patterns stands out the most. The idea of â€Å"resistance. † They resisted â€Å"formal education,† â€Å"barrack housing,† and â€Å"Anglo medical treatment. † By refusing these ideas, many of them had to perform such tasks that would bring shame, not only to them but to their families too, just to survive. Many women became prostitutes, while others Navajos forged coupons, raided the camps but also fleeing from them, and performed ceremonies for spiritual cleansing. All of these activities played a big role in trying to change the way the Navajos lived their lives. Forcing someone to change, or to mold them in something they are not, will result in confrontation. That is why the experiment at Bosque Redondo failed to work. Gen. Carlton forced the Navajos to become â€Å"civilized† against their will, and in return was confronted and his ideas were retaliated. It was the only way that the Navajos could prevent the â€Å"white† people from forcing them to change their lifestyle, morals, beliefs, and tradition. So in conclusion, the Navajos† actions can be considered â€Å"resistance,† due to the evidence provided.

buy custom Education and Technology essay

buy custom Education and Technology essay This literature review assesses the current researches on the impact of modern technology on education practices. Russel et al (2003) assesses the extent to which technology is used for instructional purposes. The research by Russel et al explores the different attitudes that are adopted by newly recruited teachers compared to their experienced counterparts. The paper also analyzes the influence of mobile wireless technologies in higher education settings as highlighted by Kim, Mims Holmes (2006). These researchers found out that PDAs, wireless computers and web-enabled mobile phones are the most commonly used wireless mobile technologies in higher education settings. The research literature review also reviewed the findings of Teo (2008), whose focus was on the beliefs about the effects of technology among teachers and students. Russell et al (2003) collected survey data from 2,984 teachers within 22 Massachusetts districts for use in the analysis of the extent of technology use for instructional purposes. Their study provided evidence that teachers use technology more for purposes of preparation and communication than for the delivery of instruction or assignment of learning activities that require technology use. However, important differences were found among newly recruited teachers compaed to their colleagues who were more experienced. New teachers, according to Russell et al (2003) tend to be more comfortable with use of new technology for preparation compared to experienced teachers. The experienced teachers, according to the research appeared comfortable using technology during delivery of instruction or stimulating students to engage in learning activities. Kim, Mims Holmes (2006) carried out an assessment of the various types of mobile wireless technologies that are used in higher education. There of the most popular mobile wireless technologies that were examined include PDAs, wireless computers, and web-enabled mobile phones. In each of these technologies, a unique technical infrastructure is needed for access to network resources. However, all of them share many benefits in higher education environments, such as real-time and anywhere access, simplicity in installation, less wiring, reduced cost, flexibility, improvement in communication, scalability and spherical access (Kim, Mims Holmes, 2006). However, before mobile wireless technologies can be adopted in higher education settings, all related issues and challenges should be addressed. The most critical concern is security-related (Kim, Mims Holmes, 2006). In their current stage, mobile wireless technologies are wiithout any security feature. Doubts on the technologies security underlies their slow uptake in the world of business. Meanwhile, the technologies are increasingly being used in higher education institutions because the main reason for their use is provision of a mobile-learning environment to both learners and educators, unlike in the business sectors (Kim, Mims Holmes, 2006). For many people, mobile wireless technologies are yet to be use in everyday life, like in the case of calculators and computers. In order for these emerging technologies to become useful, they must not be greeted with uncritical excitement. Rather, administrators, students and educators have to think critically so as to determine how these technologies can be used for the achievement of their educational goals. According to Teo (2008) todays learning environments are characterized by many beliefs about the effects of technology. Both students and teachers harbor many different beliefs about technology and the influences that it has on education. These beliefs have a significant effect on the approaches that teachers adopt when making use of technology in classroom situations. However, says Teo, the traditional teaching approach is only significant to modern technology use approaches when correlated negatively to the modern teaching methodologies. Buy custom Education and Technology essay

Difference Between Physical and Chemical Properties

Difference Between Physical and Chemical Properties Measurable characteristics of matter may be categorized as either chemical or physical properties. What is the difference between a chemical property and a physical property? The answer has to do with  chemical and physical changes  of matter. A Physical Property A  physical property  is an aspect of matter that can be observed or measured without changing its chemical composition.  Examples of physical properties  include color, molecular weight, and volume. A Chemical Property A  chemical property  may only be observed  by changing the chemical  identity of a substance. In other words, the only way to observe a chemical property is by performing a chemical reaction. This property measures the potential for undergoing a  chemical change.  Examples of chemical properties  include reactivity, flammability and oxidation states. Telling Physical and Chemical Properties Apart Sometimes it can be tricky to know whether or not a chemical reaction has occurred. For example, when you melt ice into water, you can write the process in terms of a chemical reaction. However, the chemical formula on both sides of the reaction is the same. Since the chemical identity of the matter in question is unchanged, this process represents a physical change. Thus melting point is a physical property. On the other hand, flammability is a chemical property of matter because the only way to know how readily a substance ignites is to burn it. In the chemical reaction for combustion, the reactants and products are different. Look for Tell-Tale Signs of a Chemical Change Usually, you dont have the chemical reaction for a process. You can look for tell-tale signs of a chemical change. These include bubbling, color change, temperature change, and precipitation formation. If you see signs of a chemical reaction, the characteristic you are measuring is most likely a chemical property. If these signs are absent, the characteristic is probably a physical property.

Medical Futility Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Medical Futility - Essay Example Treatments or medical interventions that are unlikely to produce any significant benefit for the patient is known as "medical futility" (Jecker). The intervention may be deemed futile if it has no likelihood of improving the patients condition (Quantitative), or when the improvement will be so minimal as to be considered futile (Qualitative) (Jecker). In both cases the prospect of improving the patient's condition is exceedingly poor. Jecker notes that, "...treatment that merely produces a physiological effect on a patient's body does not necessarily confer any benefit that the patient can appreciate". Though there may be physiological changes in the body, if it does not save the patient or reduce the suffering, it is futile. The ethics of medical futility are rooted in the belief that medicine is for the purpose of healing the sick and comforting those that are in pain. Futile interventions often contribute to increased pain and agony as well as expending scarce medical and financial resources (Jecker). Ethical problems arise in defining the terms surrounding the issue. While a medical treatment may be deemed as futile, it may extend the patient's life by the few hours necessary that a family requires to get closure with the dying patient.

The Health Implications of Female Genital Mutilation on the Somali Research Proposal

The Health Implications of Female Genital Mutilation on the Somali Women - Research Proposal Example According to the research findings, it can, therefore, be said that FGM causes severe panic and pain among almost to 130 million women annually across the world. Apart from this, FGM has adverse emotional, social and psychological effects on the females involved. Further, FGM causes severe panic and pain among almost 130 million women annually across the world. Among the reasons for widespread FGM in Somalia include deeply rooted Somali traditions, religions endorsement and the need to preserve femininity. Somalia also exemplifies countries that adhere strictly to cultural traditions and practices perhaps compounding the desire to stick to FGM. Meanwhile, the country faces severe economic, financial, infrastructural and political challenges, necessitating humanitarian services offered by community workers from the West. The implication of the presence of these foreign workers has been the introduction of liberal practices, which the Somali women and men seem to be acquiring. As a res ult, the Somalis have started showing reluctance to letting their female children undergo FGM. A bar graph showing the percentages of FGM in selected African Countries. Female genital mutilation is considered illegal in most countries in the world. It is necessary to create awareness of the implications of this practice if other countries like Somalia are to discontinue FGM and consider is illegal as well. The primary objective of this research is to familiarize the society about the perils associated with Female Genital Mutilation. Further, research is needed to further investigate into FGM to reveal the challenges that the Somali women undergo in silence due to stigmatization. Literature Review This literature review identifies the past researchers concerning health implications FGM, factors that motivate the continuity of practicing FGM, and possible strategies that can be used to reduce the act of Female Genital Mutilation. Health Implications of FGM Boyle contends that Female G enital Mutilation is associated with a myriad of health complications; these include psychological, emotional and social consequences of the practice on the victims. Psychological complications constitute the disturbances and lifelong stress caused by the practice of the victims. The uncircumcised girls suffer stigma arising from what is considered disobedience to the cultures of the community. Psychological implications of stigmatization include suicide attempts and insanity. World Health organization recognized some of the implications of female genital mutilation on the fitness of women and girls. This included death resulting from bleeding, life-threatening pain that is caused by the cutting, and psychological stress caused by those undergoing the cut. Moreover, severe infections can attack the victims due to the tools used in clitoridectomy. Clitoridectomy is the act of circumcising girls.